What is the role of a control group in an experiment?

The role of a control group in an experiment is to serve as a baseline for comparison. This allows researchers to determine the effects of the independent variable being tested. By having a control group that does not receive the experimental treatment or manipulation, scientists can observe how the experimental group responds relative to this baseline. This comparison helps to isolate the effects of the experimental variable and provides evidence about whether the observed changes in the experimental group are due to that specific variable or some other factors. The control group essentially helps to validate the outcome of the experiment by ensuring that any differences can be attributed to the manipulation rather than external influences.